Smart contracts have the potential to revolutionize the healthcare industry by automating many of the tedious and error-prone processes that currently plague the industry.

In this article, we’ll explore how a healthcare smart contract might work and how it could interact with a front-end interface.

First, let’s define what we mean by a “healthcare smart contract”. A healthcare smart contract is self-executing, with the terms of the agreement between a patient and a healthcare provider written directly into lines of code.

The code and the underlying blockchain network act as a third party to facilitate, verify, and enforce the execution of the contract.

One potential use case for a healthcare smart contract is the management of electronic health records (EHRs). Currently, EHRs are often fragmented and difficult to access, leading to inefficiencies and errors in patient care.

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With a healthcare smart contract, a patient’s EHR could be stored on a blockchain and accessed by authorized healthcare providers with the patient’s permission.

The smart contract could also include data privacy and consent rules, ensuring that a patient’s personal information is only shared with those who have been granted access.

Another potential use case for a healthcare smart contract is the automation of insurance claims. Submitting and reviewing insurance claims can be time-consuming and prone to errors.

With a healthcare smart contract, a patient’s insurance information could be stored on the blockchain and automatically verified when a claim is submitted.

The smart contract could also include rules for payment, ensuring that the healthcare provider pays the correct amount on time.

Now let’s consider how a healthcare smart contract might interact with a front-end interface. One possibility is that patients could use a mobile app to access their EHR and grant or revoke access to their records to specific healthcare providers.

The app could allow patients to view their insurance information and submit insurance claims.

On the provider side, a healthcare provider could use a web-based application to access and update a patient’s EHR and to submit insurance claims on behalf of the patient.

The application could also provide the provider real-time notifications when a patient’s insurance coverage changes or a claim has been approved or denied.

In conclusion, healthcare smart contracts can improve the efficiency and accuracy of many processes in the healthcare industry.

By automating the management of EHRs and the submission and review of insurance claims, smart contracts can help to reduce the burden on healthcare providers and improve the overall quality of patient care.

Smart contract for health-care

pragma solidity ^0.7.0;
import "https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/math/SafeMath.sol";
import "https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-solidity/contracts/ownership/Ownable.sol";
contract HealthCare is Ownable {
using SafeMath for uint256;
// Struct to represent a patient's electronic health record
struct PatientRecord {
uint256 id;
string name;
string insuranceProvider;
uint256 insurancePolicyNumber;
string medicalHistory;
string allergies;
string currentMedications;
string testResults;
string diagnoses;
string treatmentPlan;
}
// Struct to represent an insurance claim
struct InsuranceClaim {
uint256 id;
uint256 patientId;
uint256 providerId;
uint256 amount;
string serviceCode;
bool approved;
}
// Mapping of patient IDs to PatientRecord structs
mapping(uint256 => PatientRecord) public patientRecords;
// Mapping of insurance claim IDs to InsuranceClaim structs
mapping(uint256 => InsuranceClaim) public insuranceClaims;
// Events for logging
event RecordAdded(uint256 patientId);
event RecordUpdated(uint256 patientId);
event RecordDeleted(uint256 patientId);
event ClaimSubmitted(uint256 claimId);
event ClaimUpdated(uint256 claimId);
// Add a new patient record
function addRecord(
string memory _name,
string memory _insuranceProvider,
uint256 _insurancePolicyNumber,
string memory _medicalHistory,
string memory _allergies,
string memory _currentMedications,
string memory _testResults,
string memory _diagnoses,
string memory _treatmentPlan
) public onlyOwner {
uint256 patientId = patientRecords.length + 1;
patientRecords[patientId] = PatientRecord(
patientId,
_name,
_insuranceProvider,
_insurancePolicyNumber,
_medicalHistory,
_allergies,
_currentMedications,
_testResults,
_diagnoses,
_treatmentPlan
);
emit RecordAdded(patientId);
}
// Update an existing patient record
function updateRecord(
uint256 _patientId,
string memory _name,
string memory _insuranceProvider,
uint256 _insurancePolicyNumber,
string memory _medicalHistory,
string memory _allergies,
string memory _currentMedications,
string memory _testResults,
string memory _diagnoses,
string memory _treatmentPlan
) public onlyOwner {
PatientRecord storage record = patientRecords[_patientId];
record.name = _name;
record.insuranceProvider = _insuranceProvider;
record.insurancePolicyNumber = _insurancePolicyNumber;
record.medicalHistory = _medicalHistory;
record.allergies = _allergies;
record.currentMedications = _currentMedications;
record.testResults
}

function deleteRecord(uint256 _patientId) public onlyOwner {
delete patientRecords[_patientId];
emit RecordDeleted(_patientId);
}
// Submit an insurance claim
function submitClaim(
uint256 _patientId,
uint256 _providerId,
uint256 _amount,
string memory _serviceCode
) public {
uint256 claimId = insuranceClaims.length + 1;
insuranceClaims[claimId] = InsuranceClaim(
claimId,
_patientId,
_providerId,
_amount,
_serviceCode,
false
);
emit ClaimSubmitted(claimId);
}
// Approve an insurance claim
function approveClaim(uint256 _claimId) public onlyOwner {
InsuranceClaim storage claim = insuranceClaims[_claimId];
claim.approved = true;
emit ClaimUpdated(_claimId);
}

• The contract uses the SafeMath library to provide safe math operations, such as addition and multiplication, to prevent integer overflow and underflow errors.
• The contract uses the Ownable contract from the OpenZeppelin library to provide basic ownership functionality, including a onlyOwner modifier that can be used to restrict certain functions to be called only by the contract owner.
• The contract defines two structs: PatientRecord and InsuranceClaim. A struct is a custom data type that allows you to group together related variables.
• In this case, the PatientRecord struct represents a patient’s electronic health record and includes information such as the patient’s name, insurance provider, and medical history.
• The InsuranceClaim struct represents an insurance claim and includes information such as the patient and provider IDs, the amount of the claim, and the service code for the services rendered.
• The contract defines two mappings: patientRecords and insuranceClaims. A mapping type of data structure allows you to store values on the blockchain using a key-value pair. In this case, the patientRecords mapping maps patient IDs to PatientRecord structs, and the insuranceClaims mapping maps insurance claim IDs to InsuranceClaim structs. The public keyword indicates that anyone can read these mappings.
• The contract defines several events that can be logged on the blockchain. Events are a way to trigger an action (such as sending an email or triggering a front-end notification) when something happens in the contract. In this case, the contract includes events for when a patient record is added, updated, or deleted and when an insurance claim is submitted or updated.
• The contract defines several functions that can be called to manipulate the data in the contract. The addRecord function allows the contract owner to add a new patient record to the patientRecords mapping. The updateRecord function allows the contract owner to update an existing patient record. The deleteRecord function allows the contract owner to delete a patient record. The submitClaim function allows anyone to submit a new claim to the insuranceClaims mapping. The approveClaim function allows the contract owner to approve an insurance claim.

In conclusion, smart contracts have the potential to revolutionize many industries, including healthcare.

Smart contracts are self-executing contracts with the terms of the agreement written directly into lines of code.

They can automate and streamline many processes, including managing electronic health records and submitting and reviewing insurance claims.

To create a smart healthcare contract, it is crucial to have a strong understanding of programming languages such as Solidity and the specific blockchain platform on which the contract will be deployed.

It is also essential to carefully consider the requirements and use cases for the contract and to design the contract in a way that is secure, efficient, and easy to use.

Overall, healthcare smart contracts can improve the efficiency and accuracy of many processes in the healthcare industry, helping to reduce the burden on healthcare providers and improve the overall quality of patient care.

In our next article, I will explain how to connect our smart contract with a front end and perform some tests.

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