㏡ — All about Solidity Fundamentals | Rohan16

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Rohan16 aka Rohan Jha
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Technical Content Writer cum Smart Contract Auditor BlockAudit

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1. Solidity Fundamentals

Solidity is an object-oriented, high-level language for implementing smart contracts. Smart contracts are programs that govern the behavior of accounts within the Ethereum state.

Solidity is a curly-bracket language designed to target the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). It is influenced by C++, Python, and JavaScript. You can find more details about which languages Solidity has been inspired by in the language influences section.

Solidity is statically typed, supports inheritance, libraries, and complex user-defined types, among other features.

With Solidity, you can create contracts for uses such as voting, crowdfunding, blind auctions, and multi-signature wallets.

When deploying contracts, you should use the latest released version of Solidity. Apart from exceptional cases, only the latest version receives security fixes. Furthermore, breaking changes as well as new features are introduced regularly. We currently use a 0.y.z version number to indicate this fast pace of change

📍If you’re worried that this author is just writing a few lines and linking to other websites, I’m happy to inform you that while it’s impossible to cover everything in one blog post, this one will connect you to the appropriate resources so you don’t just rely on Google for information.

2. Let’s see a simple program on Solidity

We always say hello to the world first before diving right into any coding language. If You Know You Know 😅 . Do comment down below

// First Application
Here is a simple contract that you can get, increment and decrement the count store in this contract.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.17;
contract Counter {
uint public count;
// Function to get the current count
function get() public view returns (uint) {
return count;
}
// Function to increment count by 1
function inc() public {
count += 1;
}
// Function to decrement count by 1
function dec() public {
// This function will fail if count = 0
count -= 1;
}
}

The above code is a Solidity smart contract that defines a simple Counter. Let’s break down each part of the code:

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT: This line is a special comment that specifies the license under which the code is distributed. In this case, it is the MIT License.

pragma solidity ^0.8.17;: This line specifies the version of Solidity that the contract code is written in. The caret (^) symbol means that any version of Solidity from 0.8.17 up to, but not including, 0.9.0 can be used.

contract Counter {: This line defines a new contract called Counter.

uint public count;: This line declares a public state variable called count of type uint (unsigned integer).

function get() public view returns (uint) {: This line defines a new function called get that is public and view (i.e., it does not modify the state of the contract) and returns a uint value.

return count;: This line returns the current value of the count state variable.

function inc() public {: This line defines a new function called inc that is public (i.e., it can be called by anyone) and does not return a value.

count += 1;: This line increments the count state variable by 1.

function dec() public {: This line defines a new function called dec that is public and does not return a value.

count -= 1;: This line decrements the count state variable by 1. Note that if count is already 0, this operation will cause an integer underflow and result in an error.

Overall, this contract defines a simple counter that can be incremented and decremented by anyone who interacts with it. The current value of the counter can also be obtained by calling the get function.

If you have read the explanation and the above code then do checkout the try it on Remix
– Counter.sol

I am sure many of you are not aware of Remix

Remix is an integrated development environment (IDE) that is free and open-source for creating, evaluating, and deploying smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain. It is a web-based application that can be used with a web browser and doesn’t need to be installed or set up.

Developers may create Solidity smart contracts using a code editor thanks to Remix’s user-friendly interface. Additionally, it offers a set of tools for testing, developing, and debugging smart contracts on the Ethereum network. Remix has a number of important components, such as:

• Remix includes a Solidity compiler that can compile smart contracts written in Solidity and produce bytecode and ABI (Application Binary Interface) files.
• Remix comes with a potent debugger that can be used by developers to find and correct issues in their smart contract code. Developers can inspect the values of variables at each step while stepping through their code line by line using the debugger.
• Remix comes with a testing framework that gives programmers the ability to create and execute automated tests for their smart contracts. The testing framework is compatible with a number of testing libraries, including Mocha and Chai.
• Smart contract deployment and communication: Remix enables programmers to publish their smart contracts to the Ethereum network and communicate with them using a built-in web3 provider. Moreover, a console that may be used to carry out transactions and access blockchain data is included.

I would advise everyone to visit the Solidity by Example website where they can find a variety of solidity examples to get their fundamentals clarified. In my opinion, the aforementioned two points are sufficient to cover all of the fundamentals, but there are still some additional personal recommendations at the end of the blog where you can gain more understanding.

3. Solidity By Example

As we near the conclusion of Solidity Foundations, further helpful resources will be added to the Bonus section.

1. Secureum :-

2. CryptoZombies :- Play-Learn-Earn

I, the author, will catch up with you all in a future blog, but until then, simply learn Solidity like the plague so that you, my friend, may start making money in a month.

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Thanks for Reading. Any Suggestions are always welcomed!!

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